Container freight terminology: container, container leasing, container loading and unloading area, container forward yard, container back yard, empty container yard, transfer station or internal road station, container freight station, net responsibility system, shipping guild container rules
Container (container)
According to the type of goods loaded points, there are general cargo containers, bulk containers, liquid cargo containers, reefer containers, etc.; according to the manufacturing material points, there are wooden containers, steel containers, aluminium alloy containers, glass fiber reinforced plastic containers, stainless steel containers, etc.; according to the structure points, there are folding containers, stationary containers, etc., in the stationary containers can be divided into airtight containers, open-top containers, plate rack containers, etc.; according to total Weight points, there are 30 tonnes container, 20 tonnes container, 10 tonnes container, 5 tonnes container, 2.5 tonnes container. Container calculation unit (twenty-feet equivalent units abbreviation: TEU)
Container leasing
The owner of the empty container leased to the user of a business. Container owner for the rental side of the container, and the use of people, generally shipping companies or cargo owners, for the rental side, the two sides signed a lease contract. By the lessor to provide qualified containers to the lessee in the agreed scope of use. Container leasing, there are a variety of different ways in the international arena, summed up in a nutshell: the course of the lease, the lease, the live lease and the voyage area within the block lease and so on.
Container loading and unloading area (container terminal)
Container transport, box or cargo loading and unloading exchange of custody of the specific department. It authorises the carrier or its agent to commission, the following business:
(1) the whole box freight exchange, custody.
(2) with a container freight station, the handover for consolidated cargo.
(3) Arrange the berthing of container ships, loading and unloading containers, each voyage to prepare the distribution chart.
(4) Handle the preparation and signing of the relevant freight documents.
(5) Preparation and signing of the container using the means of delivery in and out of the flow of relevant documents.
(6) for the container and the means of delivery, loading and unloading tools for the situation inspection, maintenance, and empty box cleaning, fumigation and other work.
(7) Empty box receipt and delivery, storage and custody.
(8) Arrange the stacking of empty and heavy boxes in the yard, and the preparation of site allocation plan.
(9) Other related operational work. Container loading and unloading area generally consists of special terminals, fronts, yards, freight stations, command towers, repair departments, gates and offices. Sometimes the yard or freight station, etc. can be extended to the city within the matter of 5 ~ 15 kilometres of the transfer station.
Container front yard (marshalling yard)
In front of the container terminal, in order to accelerate the ship loading and unloading operations, temporary stacking of containers in the field. Its role is: when the container ship to the port before the planned and sequential accumulation of loads according to the requirements of the export container neatly stacked, unloading of import containers will be temporarily stacked in front of the dock, in order to accelerate ship loading and unloading operations.
Container rear yard (container yard)
Container heavy or empty boxes for handover, storage and storage places. Some countries on the container yard is not divided into front of the yard or back of the yard, collectively known as the yard. Container rear yard is a part of the container loading and unloading area. Is the container transport "" field to field "" handover mode of the whole box for the handover of the place (actually in the container unloading area "" gate "" for the handover).
Empty container yard (van pool)
Specialise in handling empty box collection, storage, storage or handover site. It is designed for container loading and unloading area or transfer station yard is insufficient to be established. This yard does not handle heavy boxes or cargo handover. It can be operated separately, can also be set up by the container handling area outside the area. Some capitalist countries, the operation of this empty box yard, to the shipping association statement.
Container freight station (container freight station)
For the consolidated cargo boxed and unboxed ship, cargo and both sides for the handover of the place. Carrier in a port or inland city can only entrust a container freight station operator. By it on behalf of the carrier for the following main business:
(1) LCL cargo handling and handover.
(2) The appearance of the goods inspection, such as abnormalities, for endorsement.
(3) Consolidation of cargo with the box load and loading.
(4) Import of unpacked goods and custody of unpacking.
(5) Add seals on behalf of the carrier and issue station receipts.
(6) for the documents and preparation.
Shipper's liabilities
Shipper in the container transport should be responsible for. This responsibility is different from the traditional aspects of maritime transport. Consolidated cargo shipper's liabilities and the same as the traditional maritime transport. Full container shipper's liabilities are not the same as in traditional transport:
(1) Should ensure that the reported freight information is correct and complete.
(2) The carrier has the right to check the goods contained in the box, and the shipper shall bear the costs incurred for the checking. (3) Customs or other authorities to open the box for inspection, the cost and the resulting damage to the goods shall be borne by the shipper.
(4) If the container is not full, or is poorly lined, improperly loaded, or loaded with goods unsuitable for container transport, thus causing cargo damage or cargo discrepancy, the shipper shall be responsible.
(5) If the shipper's own unseaworthy container is used, the shipper shall be responsible for any cargo damage caused.
(6) In the use of the carrier's containers and equipment during the third party property or life damage caused by the shipper shall be responsible for compensation.
Limits of liability
Container transport in the event of cargo damage, the carrier shall bear the maximum amount of compensation. The limitation of liability for LCL cargo is the same as that of traditional transport. The compensation of the whole box of goods in accordance with the current international jurisprudence, if the bill of lading does not specify the number of pieces of goods loaded in the box, each box as a unit of calculation of claims. If the bill of lading specifies the number of pieces of goods in the box, it is still calculated according to the number of pieces. If the damage and loss of the goods are not in maritime transport but occur in inland transport, the maximum compensation will be handled according to the land transport. If the container is owned or provided by the shipper, in the event of loss or damage, the responsibility of the carrier should be borne by the carrier, should also be regarded as a unit of calculation of claims.
(Source: Maritime Transport Network)
